{"id":4393,"date":"2014-01-07T18:10:55","date_gmt":"2014-01-07T23:10:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/?page_id=4393"},"modified":"2015-09-11T15:21:17","modified_gmt":"2015-09-11T19:21:17","slug":"paupospira-bowdeni","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/gastropoda\/murchisoniina\/lophospiridae\/paupospira\/paupospira-bowdeni\/","title":{"rendered":"<em>Paupospira bowdeni<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"left\">\n<div style=\"height: 250px;\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"border-right: 20px solid white; float: left; width: 250px;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/Loxoplocus_bowdeni_250pxW.png?w=605&#038;ssl=1\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 250px;\">\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>Classification<\/strong><br \/>\nPhylum: <a title=\"Mollusca\" href=\" https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/\"> Mollusca <\/a><br \/>\nClass: <a title=\"Gastropoda\" href=\" https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/gastropoda\/\">Gastropoda<\/a><br \/>\nOrder: <a title=\"Murchisoniina\" href=\" https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/gastropoda\/murchisoniina\/\"> Murchisoniina<\/a><br \/>\nFamily: <a title=\"Lophospiridae\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/gastropoda\/murchisoniina\/lophospiridae\/\"> Lophospiridae <\/a><br \/>\nGenus: <em><a title=\"Paupospira\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/gastropoda\/murchisoniina\/lophospiridae\/paupospira\/ \"> Paupospira <\/a><\/em><br \/>\nSpecies: <em>Paupospira bowdeni<\/em> (Safford, 1869)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"float: right; width: 250px;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/L.bowdeni_paleoeco.png?w=605&#038;ssl=1\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both;\">[accordions title=&#8221;&#8221; disabled=&#8221;false&#8221; active=&#8221;1&#8243; autoheight=&#8221;false&#8221; collapsible=&#8221;true&#8221;] [accordion title=&#8221;Taxonomic Details&#8221;]<br \/>\n<strong>Formerly<\/strong>: <em>Loxoplocus bowdeni<\/em><br \/>\n<Strong>Taxonomic Note<\/strong>: The genus for <em>L. bowdeni<\/em> has been moved multiple times between <em>Paupospira \u2013 Loxoplocus \u2013 Lophospira<\/em>. According to P.J. Wagner, 2013, the correct taxonomic genus is <em>Paupospira<\/em>. However in the Cincinnatian grouping, it is commonly called <em>Loxoplocus<\/em>.<br \/>\n[\/accordion] [\/accordions]<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid col-300\">\n<p><strong>Stratigraphic Occurrences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/P.-bowdeni_strat-e1435619693388.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-3456\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/P.-bowdeni_strat-e1435619693388.png?resize=300%2C273&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" data-id=\"3456\" \/><\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid col-100\">\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid col-575 fit\">\n<p><strong>Geographic Occurrences<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code><div class=\"leaflet-map WPLeafletMap\" style=\"height:250px; width:575px;\"><\/div><script>\nwindow.WPLeafletMapPlugin = window.WPLeafletMapPlugin || [];\nwindow.WPLeafletMapPlugin.push(function WPLeafletMapShortcode() {\/*<script>*\/\nvar baseUrl = atob('Ly97c30udGlsZS5vcGVuc3RyZWV0bWFwLm9yZy97en0ve3h9L3t5fS5wbmc=');\nvar base = (!baseUrl && window.MQ) ?\n    window.MQ.mapLayer() : L.tileLayer(baseUrl,\n        L.Util.extend({}, {\n            detectRetina: 0,\n        },\n        {\"subdomains\":\"abc\",\"noWrap\":false,\"maxZoom\":13}        )\n    );\n    var options = L.Util.extend({}, {\n        layers: [base],\n        attributionControl: false\n    },\n    {\"zoomControl\":true,\"scrollWheelZoom\":false,\"doubleClickZoom\":false,\"fitBounds\":false,\"minZoom\":0,\"maxZoom\":13,\"maxBounds\":null,\"attribution\":\"<a href=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/leafletjs.com\\\" title=\\\"A JS library for interactive maps\\\">Leaflet<\\\/a>; \\r\\n\\u00a9 <a href=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.openstreetmap.org\\\/copyright\\\">OpenStreetMap<\\\/a> contributors\"},\n    {});\nwindow.WPLeafletMapPlugin.createMap(options).setView([39,-84.5],7);});<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code>Map point data provided by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idigbio.org\/\">iDigBio.<\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\r\n            \r\n            var terms = [\r\n                {\"term\"  :  { \"scientificname\" : \"paupospira bowdeni\"}},\r\n\t\t\r\n            ];\r\n\r\n            jQuery(document).ready(function(){\r\n                var query = {\r\n                    \"size\": 10000,\r\n                    \"from\": 0,\r\n                    \"query\":{\r\n                        \"filtered\":{\r\n                            \"filter\":{\r\n                                \"and\":[]\r\n                            }\r\n                        }\r\n                    },\r\n                    \"sort\":{\r\n                        \"scientificname\":{\"order\":\"asc\"}\r\n                    }\r\n                };\r\n               \r\n                var link=[];\r\n                jQuery.each(terms,function(ind,item){\r\n                    query.query.filtered.filter.and.push(item);\r\n                    jQuery.each(item.term,function(key,val){\r\n                        link.push(key+'='+ val.toLowerCase());\r\n                    });\r\n                });\r\n                \r\njQuery.post('https:\/\/search.idigbio.org\/idigbio\/records\/_search', JSON.stringify(query),function(resp){\r\n                    jQuery(resp.hits.hits).each(function(ind,item){\r\n                        var source = item._source;\r\n                        if(typeof source.geopoint !== 'undefined'){\r\n                            var c = new L.Circle([source.geopoint.lat,source.geopoint.lon],1,{color:'#E90A0A',opacity:1,fillopacity:1});\r\n                            c.addTo(map_1);\r\n                        }\r\n                    });\r\n                });\r\n            });\r\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both;\">[accordions title=&#8221;&#8221; disabled=&#8221;false&#8221; active=&#8221;1&#8243; autoheight=&#8221;false&#8221; collapsible=&#8221;true&#8221;] [accordion title=&#8221;Stratigraphic Description&#8221;]<br \/>\nSequences (Formations)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C6 Sequence (Elkhorn)<\/li>\n<li>C5 Sequence (Lower Whitewater, Liberty, Waynesville)<\/li>\n<li>C4 Sequence (Arnheim)<\/li>\n<li>C3 Sequence (Mount Auburn, Corryville)<\/li>\n<li>C2 Sequence (Bellevue, Fairview: Fairmount, Mount Hope)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/accordion] [\/accordions]<\/p><\/div>\n<div><strong>Identification in Hand Sample<\/strong><\/p>\n<div align=\"left\">\n<ul>\n<li>Apical angle averaging 27 degrees<\/li>\n<li>Eight to ten volutions<\/li>\n<li>Upper slope of whorls obscurely carinated near suture<\/li>\n<li>Umbilicus minute, usually covered by the reflexed inner lip of the aperture<\/li>\n<li>Surface striae curving backward into a strong V-shaped notch at the peripheral band<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"width:800px;\">\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:0px\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/Loxoplocus_bowdeni_800px.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"2559\"  src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/Loxoplocus_bowdeni_800px.png?resize=605%2C231&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Loxoplocus_bowdeni_800px\" width=\"605\" height=\"231\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2559\" \/><\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<figure style=\"width: 256px\" class=\"wp-caption alignCenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/p3d.in\/oo1Fk\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/p3d.in\/model_data\/snapshot\/oo1Fk\" alt=\"Paupospira bowdeni (Click to view in 3D!)\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paupospira bowdeni  (Click to view in 3D!)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both;\">[accordions title=&#8221;&#8221; disabled=&#8221;false&#8221; active=&#8221;1&#8243; autoheight=&#8221;false&#8221; collapsible=&#8221;true&#8221;] [accordion title=&#8221;Published Description&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><em>David &#038; Meyer (2009)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cincinnatian gastropods sometimes are found in great abundance in thin beds \u2013 almost to the exclusion of other fossils.  Although such beds occur in many units in the section, two occurrences deserve special note.  One is within the Miamitown Shale, which is Maysvillian in age, and the other is the Marble Hill Bed (Richmondian) (Figure 9.4).  The Miamitown Shale is a thin, shale-dominated formation that attains a maximum thickness of five meters at Miamitown, near the Great Miami River, and thins to less than one meter near Cincinnati (Dattilo 1996).  Within the Miamitown is a layer, nicknamed the \u201cgastropod shale,\u201d about 1.5-2 meters thick, characterized by abundant molluscs, including pelecypods, the monoplacophoran <em>Cyrtolites<\/em>, and gastropods (Figure 9.4A).  Near the top of this interval is a thin limestone that is packed with gastropods, mostly of <em>Paupospira bowdeni<\/em> (referred to <em>Loxoplocus<\/em> in older literature), preserved as internal molds.  The so-called \u201cgastropod shale,\u201d along with the thin limestone, can be traced from Miamitown, in Ohio, to northern Kentucky, a distance of 20 km.   The paleoenvironmental significance of the snail-rich Miamitown bed is not entirely clear.  The overlying Bellevue Limestone, with its thin, wavy beds containing large brachiopods and bryozoans, indicates very shallow water, shoaling conditions.  Thus the Miamitown could represent a slightly deeper environment, perhaps lagoons sheltered between shell-rich shoals of the Bellevue.  Organic-rich muds that accumulated in the lagoons could have provided a habitat favorable for snails, but hostile to filter-feeding brachiopods and bryozoans.<\/li>\n<li>The Marble Hill Bed is another remarkable occurrence of gastropods, in which limestone lenses up to about one meter thick are packed with specimens of three species of gastropods, <em>Paupospira bowdeni<\/em>, <em>P.tropidophora<\/em> (Meek), and <em>P. moorei<\/em> (Ulrich) (Felton, pers. comm.; Figure 9.4B).  This bed occurs near the top of the Cincinnatian in the Rowland member of the Drakes Formation (following stratigraphic nomenclature adopted in Kentucky; this is approximately equivalent to the top of the Waynesville Formation as used in other literature).  The Marble Hill Bed is exposed near Bedford, in Trimble County, Kentucky, and adjacent southeastern Indiana (Haattin et al. 1961; Swadley 1979).  Like the Miamitown snail bed, the Marble Hill Bed lies in close stratigraphic proximity to rocks of very shallow water depositional environments.  Swadley (1979) interpreted the Marble Hill Bed as a complex of offshore shoals and tidal-channel deposits along the margin of a shallow lagoonal area adjacent to intertidal mudflats.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Ruedemann (1926) (in reference to Foerste, 1916)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Apical angle averaging about 27 degrees; volutions eight to ten; peripheral angle only moderately prominent.  Upper slope of whorls obscurely carinated near the suture, but more or less concave between this carination and the peripheral band.  Along the lower side of the body whorl is another carination, usually obscure and never sharp.  Umbilicus minute, usually more or less covered by the reflexed inner lip of the aperture.  Surface striae curving backward into a strong V-shaped notch at the peripheral band.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Miller (1919)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <em>Waynesville<\/em> (J.M. Nickles, 1903) is an argillaceous, thick-bedded limestone with shale, aggregating forty-five feet in thickness.  It was named from an Ohio locality.  It is rather poor in fossils.  The most characteristic are the globular bryozoan, <em>Cyphotrypa clarksvillensis<\/em>, the gastropod <em>Lophospira bowdeni<\/em>, and the brachiopods <em>Catazyga headi<\/em>, <em>Dalmanella jugosa<\/em>, and <em>Strophomena planumbona<\/em>.  We also find here the honeycomb coral <em>Columnaria alveolata<\/em> \u2013 a recurrence from the Cynthiana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Ulrich &#038; Scofield (1897)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hight (sp?) 40 to 70 mm., usually 45 to 50 mm.; apical angle of Tennessee types of species averaging about 27\u00b0 but varying between the extremes of 26\u00b0 and 30\u00b0; of the Lorraine group variety 30\u00b0 to 34\u00b0; of the Richmond group form 25\u00b0 to 28\u00b0 for specimens from Trimble county, Kentucky, and 27\u00b0 to 33\u00b0 for those from Boyle county in the same state; volutions eight to ten, moderately angular, the peripheral band thick, convex, varying as to prominence, situated beneath the center of the whorls; upper slope convex, sometimes obscurely carinated, in the upper half, more or less concave in the lower half; lower carina obscure, never sharp, often indistinguishable, the space above it to the peripheral carina generally a little concave; a minute umbilicus usually present, though in narrow specimens it is commonly covered by the reflexed inner lip; aperture subtriangular or irregularly quadrate, the outline depending upon the angle at which it is viewed; inner lip nearly vertical, generally exhibiting a small channel in its lower part.  Surface with obscure undulations or unequal lines of growth.  These are very strongly recurved toward the peripheral band, indicating a large and deep V-shaped notch in the outer lip.  The band is distinctly convex, occasionally subangular in the middle, has obscure lunulae, and is bordered on both sides by a delicate raised line.<\/li>\n<li>The prominence of the peripheral band varies considerably.  As a rule it is the most pronounced in specimens from the Richmond group and at least in those obtained from the \u201cUpper Nashville\u201d of Tennessee and the Lorraine of Kentucky and Ohio.  The apical angle also is variable through fairly constant in specimens from a given locality and horizon.  The Lorraine variety is the widest, the Trimble county Kentucky, and Tennessee specimens are narrowest.  The latter look like our fig. 42 only not so angular.  Fig. 40 is perhaps a fair average for the species.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/accordion] [\/accordions]<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Classification Phylum: Mollusca Class: Gastropoda Order: Murchisoniina Family: Lophospiridae Genus: Paupospira Species: Paupospira bowdeni (Safford, 1869) [accordions title=&#8221;&#8221; disabled=&#8221;false&#8221; active=&#8221;1&#8243; autoheight=&#8221;false&#8221; collapsible=&#8221;true&#8221;] [accordion title=&#8221;Taxonomic Details&#8221;] Formerly: Loxoplocus bowdeni Taxonomic Note: The genus for L. bowdeni has been moved multiple times &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/mollusca\/gastropoda\/murchisoniina\/lophospiridae\/paupospira\/paupospira-bowdeni\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"><em>Paupospira bowdeni<\/em><\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":4390,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width-page.php","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4393","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P3T22h-18R","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4393"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12103,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4393\/revisions\/12103"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}