{"id":10025,"date":"2014-10-31T15:54:42","date_gmt":"2014-10-31T19:54:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/?page_id=10025"},"modified":"2016-09-01T10:35:20","modified_gmt":"2016-09-01T14:35:20","slug":"glyptocystitida","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/echinodermata\/rhombifera\/glyptocystitida\/","title":{"rendered":"Glyptocystitida"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"left\">\n<div style=\"height: 250px;\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"border-right: 20px solid white; float: left; width: 250px;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/cheirocystis-fultonensis-250-white.png?w=605&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 600px;\">\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>Classification<\/strong><br \/>\nPhylum: <a title=\"Echinodermata\" href=\" https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/echinodermata\/\"> Echinodermata<\/a><br \/>\nClass: <a title=\"Rhombifera\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/echinodermata\/rhombifera\/\"> Rhombifera<\/a><br \/>\nOrder: Glyptocystitida Bather, 1899<br \/>\nCincinnatian Families: <a title=\"Cheirocrinidae\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/echinodermata\/rhombifera\/glyptocystitida\/cheirocrinidae\/\"> Cheirocrinidae<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Geologic Range<\/strong><br \/>\nLower Ordovician-Upper Devonian<\/p>\n<p><strong>Common Paleoecology<\/strong><br \/>\nGlyptocystitida is an extinct order of stationary intermediate-level epifaunal suspension feeders<\/p>\n<p><strong>Characteristics of the Order<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Well developed stem<\/li>\n<li>Divisible into a proximal and a distal portion<\/li>\n<li>Alteration of inner and outer columnals with spiraling pivot points<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"clear: both;\">\n<p>[accordions title=&#8221;&#8221; disabled=&#8221;false&#8221; active=&#8221;1&#8243; autoheight=&#8221;false&#8221; collapsible=&#8221;true&#8221;] [accordion title=&#8221;Published Descriptions&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><em>Sumrall (2002) (in reference to Sumrall, 1996)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The alteration of inner and outer columnals with spiraling pivot points is synapomorphous for Glyptocystitida.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Paul (1977)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In the rhombiferan superfamily Glyptocystitida (Tremadoc-Upper Devonian) two opposite trends affect the periproct. On the one hand it enlarges significantly in the line Macrocystellidae \u2013 Cheriocrinidae \u2013 Pleurocystitidae, but it decreases in size in the lines Cheirocrinidae \u2013 Glyptocystitidae and Cheirocrinidae \u2013 Callocystitidae (Paul, 1972b, p. 25). In the Pleurocystitidae, which would seem to be less well protected than their ancestors, the enlarged periproct was normally held closely against the substrate and may well have been adequately protected by the strongly plated dorsal surface of the theca.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Kesling (1963)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ambulacra long, extending down over theca, brachioles numerous<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Kesling and Paul; Paul (1968; 1972b)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Respiratory pore-structures weakened the theca and the evolution of the theca in the crinoid family Porocrinidae (Ordovician) and the rhombiferan superfamily Glyptocystitida may be interpreted as a compromise between the requirements of respiration and protection. Epispires weakened plate sutures as do some early pectinirhombs and fissiculate blastoid hydrosphires. Accessory ridges often develop adjacent to conjunct pectinirhombs and counteract their weakening effects. The spines of echinoids protect the delicate uncalcified tube-feet, which are thus much better protected than the similar diplopores of Paleozoic diploporites. This protection may partly explain the success, in terms of survival and diversity, of respiratory tube-feet in living echinoids compared with the extinct diploporites.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/accordion] [\/accordions]<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"height: 300px; width: 800px;\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"border-right: 15px solid white; float: left; width: 250px;\">\n<p align=\"center\">Cheirocrinidae<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/echinodermata\/rhombifera\/glyptocystitida\/cheirocrinidae\/\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/cheirocystis-fultonensis-250-black.png?resize=250%2C250&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" \/><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Classification Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Rhombifera Order: Glyptocystitida Bather, 1899 Cincinnatian Families: Cheirocrinidae Geologic Range Lower Ordovician-Upper Devonian Common Paleoecology Glyptocystitida is an extinct order of stationary intermediate-level epifaunal suspension feeders Characteristics of the Order Well developed stem Divisible into a &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/atlas\/echinodermata\/rhombifera\/glyptocystitida\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Glyptocystitida<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":4614,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width-page.php","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10025","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P3T22h-2BH","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10025"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13299,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10025\/revisions\/13299"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4614"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ordovicianatlas.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}